Genome-wide dna methylation analysis identifies serum homocysteine-associated cpg sites in hypertensives

Objective: Homocysteine (Hcy) is associated with DNA methylation in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moreover, the relationship between Hyperhomocysteine (HHcy) and CVD risk is stronger in individuals with hypertension. However, no research has focused on the influence of Hcy on DNA methylation status in patients with hypertension. We performed an epigenome-wide association study to identify DNA methylation loci associated with Hcy among 218 hypertensive patients using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip (850k chip) and further explored their effects on arteriosclerosis. Design and method: Epigenome-wide methylation profiles were assessed using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip (850k chip) in peripheral leukocyte DNA from 218 patients with hypertension. Differentially methylated positions (DMPs) associated with serum homocysteine levels were identified using a mixed linear regression with adjustment for potential confounders. Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were conducted to explore the possible functions of the identified DMPs. The association of these differentially methylated loci with hypertension- and Hcy- related arteriosclerosis, Cf-PWV (Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity) was further analyzed. Results: Five DMPs at cg13169662, cg03179312, cg21976560, cg25262698, and cg09433843 showed significant association with serum Hcy levels (FDR-corrected p <0.05). Six additional CpG sites met the threshold for suggestive significance (p<1 × 10-6), among which three DMPs (cg25781123, cg26463106, and cg06679221) were annotated to the THUMPD3 gene. Furthermore, the methylation levels of cg13169662 and cg25262698 (RPRD1A) were significantly associated with Cf-PWV. Conclusions: Our study provides preliminary evidence for an association between DNA methylation and serum Hcy levels in patients with hypertension. This study may give an insight into the role of DNA methylation in cardiovascular injury underlying HHcy in patients with hypertension.