Environmental health and safety through myconanotechnology: Challenges and opportunities

Environmental pollution is a problem the goes side by side with overpopulation and human activities. The reduction and prevention of pollution can improve health and environmental influences. Hygienic and safety practices as well as cultural attitudes can reduce the contamination risks. This step is generally known as sustainability. About 24% of health problems and 23% of deaths are caused by environmental factors, as recorded by the World Health Organization. DNA methylation, psychopathology and behavioural abnormalities, and individual lifestyles (smoking, alcohol consumption and use of drugs) have significant human health effects. Advanced technologies, such as nanotechnology exposure, have drastically increased since the Industrial Revolution. This technology is used to overcome problems of water and soil pollution in the environment. About 60%–70% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 50% of ammonium are removed from polluted water using nanofillers. While myconanoparticles are considered effective in food security and to overcome the problems faced by the agriculture sector, such as contaminated soil, with pathogenic detection of myconanoparticles using nanobiosensors and antimicrobial agents. Agriculture is facing new challenges, and nanotechnology could be the key to early diagnosis and eradication of the problems faced. Nanotechnology could reduce pollution and remove existing soil and water pollution. It could also indirectly protect the environment by using renewable energy resources, filters, or catalysts to reduce pollution. The amounts of contaminants caused by human activity that enter water and the environment have decreased thanks to the use of nanotechnology.