Diversity and Ecological Functions of Soil Microbial Community in Black Soil in Northeast China

Black soil is a major agricultural soil in China. Based on published research papers and related research, this chapter reviews the composition, diversity, and ecological functions of farmland soil microbial communities in black soil areas of China. The aim is to summarize the main groups of soil microorganisms in black soil farmland, the ecological processes they participate in, their responses to environmental factors, and the main environmental indicators, and then put forward the importance of isolation and cultivation of indigenous functional microbial strains, so as to provide a basis for the protection and sustainable use of black soil resources.