Drug utilization patterns in pediatric population in tertiary care hospital – an observational study

Objective: This observational study aimed to investigate the drug utilization patterns in the pediatric population at a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: The structured questionnaire was specially designed including demographic profiles, illness history, prescription regimen of pediatric group patients. Data were collected from medical records and prescriptions of pediatric patients who visited the hospital from (starting date) and (end date). The study analyzed the diagnosed condition and medication usage trends among recruited pediatric patients. Results: A total of 320 prescriptions (75% OPD and 18% IPD) of children visited in pediatric department were analyzed; with an age group of between 0 to 1 year (42%) and 1 to 2 year (32%). Among 320 participants, males were (51.2%) and females were (48.8%). The study observed the significant uses of drugs prescribed for fever (52%), acute diarrhea (48%), respiratory diseases (24.5%), gastrointestinal disorders (17.3%), and infectious diseases (15.6%). Most commonly prescribed drugs were paracetamol syrup (52%), phenylephrine (48%), zinc (41%), oral rehydration solution (44%), vitamin (46%), levocetirizine (25%), and antibiotics (34%). Most widely prescribed antibiotic group was Cephalosporins. Other prescribed medicines were domperidone, ondansetron, diazepam, etc. Conclusion: The study provided valuable insights into the drug utilization patterns, including commonly prescribing medications, adherence to guidelines and potential areas for improvement in pediatric healthcare.