2-Cyclotomic field extensions

This paper presents a thorough investigation of $2$-cyclotomic extensions, covering various aspects such as their degrees, intermediate subextensions, Galois \\ structures, and the minimal polynomials over an arbitrary base field. In our quest to provide explicit expressions for the coefficients of the minimal polynomials of these intermediate subextensions in the cyclotomic field, we discovered fascinating \\ characterizations, some of which are linked to the well-known Catalan numbers.