Predictive value of early left ventricular end-diastolic volume changes for late left ventricular remodeling after ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Backgroud: Left ventricular remodeling (LVR) is a major predictor of adverse outcomes in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aimed to prospectively evaluate LVR in patients with STEMI who were successfully treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and examine the relationship between early left ventricular dilation and late LVR. Methods: Overall 301 consecutive patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI were included. Serial echocardiography was performed on the first day after PCI, on the day of discharge, at 1 month, and 6 months after discharge. Results: Left ventricular remodeling occurred in 57 (18.9%) patients during follow-up. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) reduced from day 1 postoperative to discharge in the LVR group compared with that in the non-LVR (n-LVR) group. The rates of change in LVEDV (Delta LVEDV%) were -5.24 +/- 16.02% and 5.05 +/- 16.92%, respectively (p < 0.001). LVEDV increased in patients with LVR compared with n-LVR at 1-month and 6-month follow-ups (Delta LVEDV% 13.05 +/- 14.89% vs. -1.9 +/- 12.03%; 26.46 +/- 14.05% vs. -3.42 +/- 10.77%, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that early changes in LVEDV, including Delta LVEDV% at discharge and 1-month postoperative, predicted late LVR with an area under the curve value of 0.80 (95% confidence interval 0.74-0.87, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Decreased LVEDV at discharge and increased LVEDV at 1-month follow-up were both associated with late LVR at 6-month. Comprehensive and early monitoring of LVEDV changes may help to predict LVR.