Environmental and Lifestyle Factors Influencing Inflammation and Type 2 Diabetes

Obesity and associated adipose chronic inflammation and metabolic disease pose a significant burden on modern society, contributing to higher morbidity and mortality. Environmental factors such as dietary and physical activity play a major role in the pathophysiology of obesity and related complications. Interestingly, the intestinal microbiome emerges as an important environmental factor that should also not be ignored. This chapter explores the role of nutrition and various diets, physical activity, and the emerging field of the intestinal microbiome on obesity, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. The chapter aims to emphasize the potential of modifiable factors in the prevention of obesity and resulting pathologies and to highlight the importance of a multifaceted approach in managing these conditions.