Pediatric Cancer

Although diagnosed acutely, pediatric cancer and its many lasting sequelae are now considered a chronic condition thanks to an 80% overall survival rate in the United States. Psychosocial needs of children and adolescents with cancer change throughout the illness trajectory from the time of diagnosis, during treatment, when transitioning off therapy, and into long-term survivorship. Patients who face relapsed disease or death have additional, unique needs. This chapter provides an overview of the psychosocial functioning of pediatric cancer patients and their families at distinct phases of the cancer care continuum. The potential roles pediatric psychologists may fill and the services they may provide at each phase are described, including screening, prevention, intervention, cognitive assessment, support, and advocacy. The importance of psychology’s function in improving emotional, social, academic, and health outcomes for these patients is highlighted. Resources for additional information and clinical practice guidelines are provided.