Three-dimensional Power Doppler Ultrasonography Evaluation of Maternal Orbital Perfusion in Pregnancies with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Hata et al. 1 research group reported the first discovery of maternal ophthalmic artery velocimetry during pregnancy.Furthermore, the maternal ophthalmic artery pulsatility index was considerably decreased in both hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) 2-5 and fetal growth restriction. 6 Moreover, the aforementioned index was also effective in type 1 DM. 7MOV techniques are, therefore, a crucial criterion to comprehend the pathophysiology of many issues during pregnancy.G es t ational diab etes mellitus (GDM) af fe c t s only 5-8% of pregnancies worldwide. 8GDM, which is typically caused by insulin resistance, is characterized by vascular dysfunction and the presence of subclinical inflammation. 9Pregnancy-related GDM is probably a risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes as well as cardiovascular disease (CVD). 10In general, type 2 diabetes is diagnosed in 60% of women with GDM within the next 5-16 years; however, this varies depending on other risk factors 11.Endothelial dysfunction emerges immediately after