Can Triglyceride/Glucose Index (TyG) and Triglyceride/HDL-Cholesterol Ratio (TG/HDL-c) Predict Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?

AIM: We investigated whether measurement of triglyceride/glucose index (TyG) and triglyceride/HDL-cholesterol ratio (TG /HDL-c) in the first trimester can predict gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Twenty-five patients with GDM and 52 women without GDM with normal glycemic control during pregnancy were included in the study as a control group. Both insulin-controlled diabetes and diet-controlled diabetes were included in the diagnosis of GDM. Fasting glucose and plasma lipid profiles including TG, HDL-c, TyG index, and TG /HDL-c measured in the first trimester were analyzed. RESULTS: Triglyceride values (mean 133±40 mg/dL in the gestational diabetes group, 100±54 mg/dL in the control group), TyG index (15.0±8.9 in the mean gestational diabetes group, 8.8±5.0 in the control group), and TG/HDL-C ratio (mean 3.3±2.6 in the gestational diabetes group and 1.9±2.6 in the control group) was found to be significantly higher in the GDM group (p=0.01, p=0.01, p=0.01, respectively). The optimal cutoff value for TyG index was 10.4, sensitivity was 76%, specificity was 77%, and area under the receiver characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.765 to predict GDM (p < 0.001). The optimal cutoff value for the TG /HDL-C ratio was 2.3, sensitivity was 76%, specificity was 69, AUC 0.697 to predict GDM (p=0.005). CONCLUSION: TyG and TG/HDL-C ratio measured in the first trimester are thought to predict GDM better than fasting plasma glucose.