Post-injection intramuscular abscess with bacteremia caused by Salmonella enterica in an HIV-infected patient

Abstract Background Salmonella enterica infections are mainly responsible for enteric fever (Typhi and Paratyphi serovars) and foodborne enterocolitis or gastroenteritis (Typhimurium and Enteritidis serovars). The main mode of transmission is through food but rarer modes of transmission, in particular nosocomial, are possible. Case presentation: We described an original case of Salmonella enterica (serovar Enteritidis) bacteraemia due to an intramuscular and subcutaneous abscess related to an injection, in a care setting, in an HIV patient. Outcomes were favourable with third generation cephalosporin antibiotic therapy and ultrasound-guided puncture and drainage of the abscess. Conclusion This case illustrates the risks associated with the reuse of syringes in resource-limited countries and the need for prevention campaigns and provision of the necessary means to reduce injections-associated bacterial and viral infections.