International collaboration- An indispensable tool for Antarctic research: Status report of India's endeavours on the icy continent

Antarctica, the southernmost continent on Earth, is a harsh and remote place with an extreme climate. Despite its challenges, the continent has become a significant site for scientific research, particularly in the fields of earth sciences, glaciology, environmental science, atmospheric sciences, meteorology, palaeoclimatology, and biology. As a signatory to the Antarctic Treaty, India has actively pursued scientific research on the continent since 1981. The Indian Antarctic Program has conducted research, provided logistical support, and monitored environmental activities in Antarctica for over four decades. Science is a currency in Antarctica, and international collaboration is the route to progress. This article explores India's efforts, particularly those of the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, and the National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, in fostering international collab-oration in Antarctica.