Early-onset familial essential tremor is associated with nucleotide expansions of spinocerebellar ataxia in China

Background Essential tremor (ET) is a neurological disease characterized by action tremor in upper arms. Although its high heritability and prevalence worldwide, its etiology and association with other diseases are still unknown. Method We investigated 10 common spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs), including SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, SCA6, SCA7, SCA8, SCA12, SCA17, SCA36, dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) in 92 early-onset familial ET pedigrees in China collected from 2016 to 2022. Result We found one SCA12 proband carried 51 CAG repeats within PPP2R2B gene and one SCA3 proband with intermediate CAG repeats (55) with ATXN3 gene. The other 90 ET probands all had normal repeat expansions. Conclusion Tremor can be the initial phenotype of certain SCA. For early-onset, familial ET patients, careful physical examinations are needed before genetic SCA screening.