miR-31-5p-enriched extracellular vesicles effectively restored cardiac function after myocardial infarction

Abstract Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major reason for heart failure, which may lead to cardiac function impairment and cardiomyocyte loss. An urgent investigation into new successful therapies is required. This investigation sought to examine if extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying particular miRNA may restore heart function following MI. We isolated EVs (miR-31-5p-EVs) from HEK293T cells overexpressing miR-31-5p and then identified their characteristic. The cellular internalization of miR-31-5p-EVs in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts was visualized using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The impact of miR-31-5p-EVs on the aforementioned cells were conducted. The TargetScan, starBase, and mirDIP databases, together with the dual-luciferase reporter test, verified the downstream target gene PPP3CA to be miR-31-5p. The outcomes indicated that miR-31-5p-EVs significantly increased cardiac angiogenesis after myocardial infarction, decreased cardiac cell apoptosis, and effectively improved cardiac function. The mechanism may be mediated by miR-31-5p-EVs targeting PPP3CA.