First Report of Colletotrichum aenigma Causing Anthracnose of Tree Peony in China

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 107, No. 4First Report of Colletotrichum aenigma Causing Anthracnose of Tree Peony in China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Colletotrichum aenigma Causing Anthracnose of Tree Peony in ChinaYanli Wang, Wenqing Jia, Xiaopei Zhu, Zhaorong Mi, Erqiang Wang, Guanhong Chang, Sanni Yan, Xiaohui Wang, Dezheng Kong, and Songlin HeYanli Wanghttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-4951Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, ChinaCollege of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Wenqing JiaPostdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Xiaopei ZhuPostdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Zhaorong MiPostdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Erqiang WangLuoyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science, Luoyang, Henan 471000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Guanhong ChangCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Sanni YanLuoyang National Tree Peony Gene Bank, Luoyang, Henan 471000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Xiaohui WangLuoyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science, Luoyang, Henan 471000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Dezheng KongCollege of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, and Songlin He†Corresponding author: S. He; E-mail Address: [email protected]Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, ChinaCollege of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Yanli Wang1 2 Wenqing Jia1 Xiaopei Zhu1 Zhaorong Mi1 Erqiang Wang3 Guanhong Chang4 Sanni Yan5 Xiaohui Wang3 Dezheng Kong2 Songlin He1 2 † 1Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China 2College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China 3Luoyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China 4College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China 5Luoyang National Tree Peony Gene Bank, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China Published Online:7 Apr 2023https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-22-1916-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articleTree peonies (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. and hybrids) are ornamental and medicinal plants cultivated in temperate and subtropical regions around the world. From June to September 2021, severe leaf spot disease was observed on three tree peony cultivars (Luoyanghong, Moyushenghui, and Roufurong) in Xinxiang (35°27′N, 113°46′E) and Luoyang (34º37′N, 112º49′E), Henan Province, China. Leaf spot incidence was as high as 28% (Luoyanghong), 45% (Moyushenghui), and 67% (Roufurong), respectively. Symptoms appeared initially as small purple spots less than 1 mm in diameter in the middle and upper parts of the leaves, and then evolved to coalescent lesions, causing brown scorch. From each cultivar, five diseased leaves were collected. Leaflet tissues (3 to 4 mm2) cut from spot margins were surface sterilized in 75% alcohol for 45 s, washed five times with sterile distilled water, and then cultivated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 28°C in the dark. Eleven isolates were obtained, and colonies grown from single conidia on PDA were 80 to 85 mm in diameter after 10 days, with scattered small, dark-based spikes on the surface of the colonies. Aerial mycelium was cottony, dense, and dark gray near the center on the reverse side. Conidia were cylindrical to clavate, with rounded apex and rounded base, and the conidia contents were granular, 8.44 to 14.06 × 3.60 to 4.31 μm (mean = 11.28 × 3.69 μm, n = 40). Appressoria were mostly subglobose or with a few broad lobes, pale to medium brown, 3.36 to 6.72 × 3.35 to 5.60 μm (mean = 5.02 × 4.55 μm, n = 20). Based on the culture representation and conidial morphology, the isolates were characterized as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex (Fu et al. 2019; Weir et al. 2012). To further identify the species, the actin (ACT), calmodulin (CAL), chitin synthase (CHS-1), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and the ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS) loci of isolates PSW0002, PSW0008, and PSW0009 were amplified using ACT-512F/ACT-783R, CL1C/CL2C, CHS-79F/CHS-345R, GDF/GDR, and ITS1/ITS4 primers (Kim et al. 2021; Li et al. 2021; Schena et al. 2014; Weir et al. 2012). Fifteen sequences were deposited in GenBank (ACT: OP225605, OP225606, and OP225607; CAL: OP225608, OP225609, and OP225610; CHS: OP225611, OP225612, and OP225613; GAPDH: ON321897, OP225614, and OP225615; and ITS: ON323473, OP214349, and OP214350), which showed 100% sequence similarity to C. aenigma (JX009443 and JX009519 for ACT, JX009683 and JX009684 for CAL, JX009774 and JX009903 for CHS-1, JX010244 and JX009913 for GAPDH, and JX010243 and and JX010148 for ITS). Three isolates clustered with C. aenigma (ex-holotype culture ICMP 18608) in the multilocus phylogenetic tree with a bootstrap value of 100%. To fulfill Koch’s postulates, pathogenicity was tested on 5-year-old healthy potted plants (Luoyanghong). Thirty leaves were inoculated with 10 μl conidial suspension (isolate PSW0002, 1 × 106 conidia/ml) and the controls were inoculated with sterile water. Five plants were used for inoculation and control. All plants were placed in a greenhouse at 28°C with a 12 h photoperiod and 90% RH. After 5 to 10 days, distinct spots were observed on inoculated leaves, while control leaves showed no symptoms. C. aenigma was reisolated from all inoculated leaves, but not from the control. C. aenigma has been reported to cause anthracnose on Pyrus pyrifolia (Weir et al. 2012), Camellia sasanqua (Chen et al. 2019), Juglans regia (Wang et al. 2019), Paeonia ostii (Ren et al. 2020), and Capsicum annuum (Sharma et al. 2022). A previous study reported C. gloeosporioides as a pathogen of anthracnose in tree peonies in China (Xuan et al. 2017); typical symptoms were big necrotic lesions (5 to 10 mm) on leaves, which were significantly different from those caused by C. aenigma. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. aenigma causing anthracnose in tree peonies in China. This finding may help to take effective control of anthracnose in tree peonies.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Chen, X., et al. 2019. Plant Dis. 103:1423. Link, ISI, Google ScholarFu, M., et al. 2019. Persoonia 42:1. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.01 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarKim, J. S., et al. 2021. Plant Dis. 105:2729. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-20-2458-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarLi, C., et al. 2021. Plant Dis. 105:3302. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-20-2458-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarRen, A. Z., et al. 2020. J. 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Google ScholarFunding: This work was supported by Henan Province Science and Technology Planning Project of China (222102110264) and by Midland Talent Program (2020).The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 107, No. 4 April 2023SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Download Metrics Article History Issue Date: 27 Apr 2023Published: 7 Apr 2023First Look: 21 Sep 2022Accepted: 20 Sep 2022 Page: 1242 Information© 2023 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingHenan Province Science and Technology Planning Project of ChinaGrant/Award Number: 222102110264Midland Talent ProgramGrant/Award Number: 2020KeywordsColletotrichum aenigmapathogenicity testtree peony anthracnoseThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF downloadCited byFirst Report of Colletotrichum fructicola Causing Fruit Rot and Leaf-Tip Dieback on Pineapple in Northern Thailand20 February 2023 | Plants, Vol. 12, No. 4