Detection and quantitative enumeration of objects from large images

This chapter provides fundamental knowledge regarding the detection and quantitative enumeration of objects from the digitized image. Using histology image as an example, we first introduce classical image analysis algorithms for detection and counting of histologic primitives. We then discuss sophisticated machine learning and deep learning methods for solving the detection and counting tasks. Two applications, one consisting of machine learning methods, and the other one consisting of deep learning methods, are presented to showcase how the discussed methods are applied in addressing the mitotic cell detection and nuclear localization and classification problem.