Multi-resource spatio-temporal coordinated voltage regulation for active distribution network with multiple integrated energy stations under uncertainties

Integrated energy stations (IESs) are widely spread in power-electronized active distribution network (ADN) for multi-energy services, and heterogeneous uncertainties from source-loads exacerbate voltage violation risks with increasing penetration of distributed generators (DGs). Existing research has not explicitly revealed the spatiotemporal synergy adaptability of multiple response-otherness resources. This paper proposes a bi-level mixedscale strategy to leverage multiple resources for voltage improvement under uncertainties. Upper level performs model predictive control (MPC)-based rolling for optimizing large-scale reserve-integrated coordination schemes of soft open points (SOPs) and thermal storage/demand; and reserve margins for building temperature are constrained for the sake of unpredictable environmental factors. In lower level, mixed-scale adjustment is applied in which ADN executes re-generated small-scale schemes and IESs obey large-scale schemes of upper level. SOPs' rapid response abilities are invoked to tackle real-time errors while building temperatures vary within comfort range for responding to insensitive environmental fluctuations. Via sufficient flexibility assurance and mixedscale coordination in separated levels, the voltage level is effectively facilitated. The original nonconvex model is relaxed into a second-order cone programming (SOCP) formulation, which can be effectively tackled for timely voltage regulation. Numerical results show the proposed strategy can realize spatio-temporal regulation of multiple resources for adapting to different-scale uncertainties, mitigating voltage deviation significantly.