Approaching cancer during pregnancy

The concurrence of cancer and pregnancy can pose complex medical, psychosocial and ethical issues for patients and their loved ones, as well as for their healthcare team. In a patient with cancer who is pregnant, management decisions must consider any additional risks to the patient due to their pregnant state, and the risks to the foetus. These are often dependent on the gestational age, with limited data to provide information on the risks. Furthermore, if pregnancy termination is desired either due to patient preference or to optimize cancer outcomes, accessibility of reproductive health services may complicate options. Here we outline approaches to manage cancer during pregnancy with a focus on patient preferences, patient and fetal risks, and team-based clinical management.