Differentiation of parotid pleomorphic adenoma from Warthin tumor using signal intensity ratios on fat-suppressed T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging

Objective. To investigate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity ratios (SIRs) based on fat-suppressed T2weighted imaging (FS-T2WI), together with demographic features, MRI anatomical characteristics, and SIRs of histopathological patterns of the tumors, in the differentiation of parotid pleomorphic adenoma (PA) from Warthin tumor (WT). Study Design. In total, 90 patients with PA and 56 patients with WT were enrolled in the study. SIRs of tumor to normal parotid gland (SIR-T/P), spinal cord (SIR-T/S), and muscle (SIR-T/M) were calculated. Demographic and radiological features of the 2patient groups were compared with univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were analyzed to evaluate the utility of SIRs in distinguishing between PA and WT. Results. SIR-T/P exhibited outstanding discriminating ability (AUC = 0.934), SIR-T/S had excellent discrimination (AUC = 0.839), and SIR-T/M showed acceptable discrimination (AUC = 0.728). When SIR-T/P of 1.96 was selected as the cutoff value, sensitivity and specificity were 0.756 and 0.982, respectively. SIR-T/P, age, sex, and number of lesions were identified as independent predictors by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Differences in SIRs between histopathological patterns were significant. Conclusion. SIR-T/P based on FS-T2WI is an effective discriminator in the differential diagnosis between PA and WT. Age, sex, and number of lesions provided additional value in differentiation. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024;137:310-319)