Phenomenological Gravitational-Wave Model for Precessing Black-Hole Binaries with Higher Multipoles and Asymmetries

In this work we introduce PhenomXO4a, the first phenomenological,frequency-domain gravitational waveform model to incorporate multipoleasymmetries and precession angles tuned to numerical relativity. We build uponthe modeling work that produced the PhenomPNR model and incorporate ouradditions into the IMRPhenomX framework, retuning the coprecessing frame modeland extending the tuned precession angles to higher signal multipoles. We alsoinclude, for the first time in frequency-domain models, a recent model forspin-precession-induced multipolar asymmetry in the coprecessing frame to thedominant gravitational-wave multipoles. The accuracy of the full model and itsconstituent components is assessed through comparison to numerical relativityand numerical relativity surrogate waveforms by computing mismatches andperforming parameter estimation studies. We show that, for the dominant signalmultipole, we retain the modeling improvements seen in the PhenomPNR model. Wefind that the relative accuracy of current full IMR models varies depending onlocation in parameter space and the comparison metric, and on average they areof comparable accuracy. However, we find that variations in the pointwiseaccuracy do not necessarily translate into large biases in the parameterestimation recoveries.