Long-Term Outcomes Following Freehand Minimally Invasive Aspiration for Deep Supratentorial Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Multicenter Cohort Study

The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of non-navigated freehand minimally invasive aspiration and conservative medical care in patients with deep supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We analyzed data from a prospective multicenter cohort study. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for possible confounding factors. A total of 122 patients with first-onset deep supratentorial ICH with a volume ≥ 20 ml were enrolled. All patients were followed up at 30 days, 90 days, and 1 year. The mortality rate, functional outcomes, complications, and treatment costs were compared between the two groups. After propensity score matching, 122 patients with a mean age of 56.0 years were included, 77.9