Antimony(V) Behavior During the Fe(II)-induced Transformation of Sb(V)-bearing Natural Multicomponent Secondary Iron Mineral under Acidic Conditions

Wangjun Lin, Linfeng Peng, Hui Li,Tangfu Xiao,Jianqiao Wang,Nana Wang,Xiangting Zhang, Hanmo Zhang

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT（2024）

Cited 3|Views29

Abstract

Fe(II)-induced phase transformations of secondary iron minerals have attracted considerable attention due to their influence on antimony (Sb) mobility. However, Fe(II)-induced natural multicomponent secondary iron mineral (nmSIM) transformations and the corresponding repartitioning of Sb on nmSIM under acidic conditions upon Fe(II) exposure have not been systematically examined. Herein, we investigated the effect of Fe(II) on nmSIM mineralogy and Sb mobility in Sb(V)-bearing nmSIM at pH 3.8 and 5.6 at various Fe(II) concentrations over 15 d. The Sb(V)-bearing nmSIM phase transformation occurred under both strongly and weakly acidic conditions without Fe(II) exposure, while the presence of Fe(II) significantly intensified the transformation, and substantial amounts of intermediary minerals, including jarosite, ferrihydrite, lepidocrocite and fougerite, formed during the initial reaction stage, especially at pH 5.6. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed that goethite and hematite were the primary final-stage transformation products of Sb(V)-bearing nmSIM, regardless of Fe(II) exposure. Throughout the Sb(V)-bearing nmSIM transformation at pH 3.8, Sb release was inversely related to the Fe(II) concentration in the initial stage, and after maximum release was achieved, Sb was gradually repartitioned onto the nmSIM. No Sb repartitioning occurred in the absence of Fe(II) at pH 5.6, but the introduction of Fe(II) suppressed Sb release and improved Sb repartitioning on nmSIM. This transformation was conducive to Sb reimmobilization on Sb(V)-bearing nmSIM due to the structural incorporation of Sb into the highly crystalline goethite and hematite generated by the Sb(V)-bearing nmSIM transformation, and no reduction of Sb(V) occurred. These results imply that Fe(II) can trigger mineralogical changes in Sb(V)-bearing nmSIM and have important impacts on Sb partitioning under acidic conditions. These new insights are essential for assessing the mobility and availability of Sb in acid mine drainage areas.

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Mineralogy,Mobility,Repartition,Transformation products

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【要点】：研究探讨了在酸性条件下，Fe(II)对含锑(V)天然多组分次生铁矿物相变及其锑迁移性的影响，发现Fe(II)能促进矿物相变并影响锑的再分配。

【方法】：通过在不同pH值和Fe(II)浓度下，对含锑(V)天然多组分次生铁矿物进行为期15天的实验，利用X射线衍射（XRD）分析矿物相变过程。

【实验】：在pH 3.8和5.6条件下，研究含锑(V)天然多组分次生铁矿物在Fe(II)作用下的相变过程，使用的数据集名称未提及，但实验结果显示Fe(II)显著促进了矿物相变，并形成了包括黄钾铁矾、针铁矿、鳞绿石和磁黄铁矿等中间矿物。最终，XRD分析确认赤铁矿和针铁矿为主要的最终相变产物。在Fe(II)存在下，锑的释放与初始Fe(II)浓度成反比，并在达到最大释放后逐渐再分配到矿物上。在无Fe(II)的条件下，pH 5.6时没有锑的再分配，但Fe(II)的引入抑制了锑的释放并促进了其在矿物上的再分配。