Optimizing the MBBR System and Integrating Nanoparticles to Improve Wastewater Treatment Efficiency

Wastewater treatment faces a growing challenge in removing nutrients and organic matter. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) system in removing nutrients and organic from municipal wastewater. The impact of different carrier filling ratios and hydraulic retention times (HRT) on the removal efficiency was systematically investigated. Moreover, the addition of nanoparticle additives to enhance system performance was evaluated. The optimal conditions for the MBBR system were 30-45% filling ratios and a 10-hour HRT, resulting in maximum removal efficiencies for biological oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia (NH4+-N) with a percentage of 85.23%, 81.69%, and 54.45% respectively. Furthermore, adding nanoparticles improved BOD5 and COD removal efficiencies by 6.6% and 8.0% respectively, compared to the MBBR system without nanoparticles.