Coupling of High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells with Methanol Steam Reforming: Modeling and Simulation for an Integrated Coupled for Power Generation System

This study established a zero-dimensional numerical model integrating methanol steam reforming (MSR) and high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFC), systematically investigating the effects of parameters such as steam-methanol (S/C) ratio, reformer reaction temperature, methanol catalytic combustion ratio, fuel cell number, and anode stoichiometry on the thermal, mass, electrical, and efficiency performance parameters of the integrated system. The results confirmed that the integrated system can achieve thermal selfsustained operation without the need for additional heat from methanol catalytic combustion. Improved insulation quality enables the attainment of thermal self-sufficiency at lower operating conditions. The molar ratio of CO in the reformate increases with a decrease in the S/C ratio and an increase in the reformer reaction temperature. The system achieves maximum output power and efficiency when S/C equals 1.25 and the reformer temperature is 513 K, with increases of 8.6 % and 37.1 %, respectively. The system efficiency is highly sensitive to the anode stoichiometry of the fuel cell, showing an 11.7 % improvement as the stoichiometry decreases from 2.0 to 1.2. Based on these results, three improvement measures were proposed to enhance the performance of MSR and HT-PEMFC integrated systems: improving system insulation to lower thermal self-sufficiency conditions, optimizing the stoichiometry of the bipolar plates for significant efficiency improvement, and selecting appropriate operating parameters for system components to enhance overall performance. This study quantitatively demonstrates the potential of these measures to improve system performance, providing valuable insights for the design and optimization of integrated systems.