Lethal and mobile variation of stored product insects and mites under low temperatures

Using low temperature such as aeration to disinfest grains has been often used as a stored grain management tool because insect development, multiplication, and damage to stored grain can be stopped or delayed at low temperatures. When temperature is lower than insect minimum development temperatures, different species and stages have a variation of the lethal times and lethal temperatures. There is a danger of failure to control these species with a wide variation of tolerance to temperature. This article reviewed the variations of temperature zones, movement and chill-coma temperatures, lower lethal limits, supercooling point (SCP), cold tolerant, and cold hardy at low temperatures under acclimate conditions and reasons of those variation. This review specified the application temperature for industrial practices.