Joint Distribution of Lightning and Wind Speed and Its Impact on the Transmission System

Distribution of lightning plays a key role in lightning protection of transmission lines. The design of wind deviation under lightning overvoltage of the transmission tower is an empirical parameter in the transmission line design code. Meteorological data from Hong Kong are investigated to analyze the joint distribution of lightning and wind speed. It has been uncovered that daily cloud-to-ground (CG) flashes follow the Burr distribution, which is highly skewed toward a few days with notable lightning. The lightning and wind follow a Gumbel copula joint distribution. According to empirical and theoretical distribution, there are 239 days with more than 1,000 CG lightning flashes per day, and approximately 20% of these days have a maximum wind speed of approximately or over 15 m/s. In 5 days with the number of CG lightning flashes above 30,000, 3 days have a maximum wind speed of over 15 m/s and the other 2 days have a maximum wind speed of over 10 m/s, which suggests that the severe convection with a squall line contributes much to the likelihood of the days with high wind and lightning storms.