Exploring value dilemmas of brain monitoring technology through speculative design scenarios

•The emerging brain monitoring technologies could change perceptions and practices on health and wellbeing.•Complex ethical discussions on the development of emerging technologies should be more available beyond disciplines and to the public.•Anticipation methods that include participants to discuss the development of such technology is essential for responsible innovation.•The combination of speculative design and anticipation methods can help discussions on responsible innovation.•Variations of the purpose of the design in this work created an expanded conceptual framework on the value dilemmas when introducing non-invasive brain monitoring technology.