Enhancing image resolution in single-side electrical resistance tomography (ERT) by utilizing theoretical sensitivity analysis: Experimental validation and application to cement mortar

The collapse of a condominium in Florida in 2021 shed light the significance of diagnostic inspection and internal tomography for aging concrete structures. This study investigated the feasibility of applying single-side electrical resistance tomography (ERT) as a diagnostic tool. In previous concrete ERT studies, the approach entailed the placement of electrodes encompassing all facets of the subject specimen. However, in the case of structures like tunnels, it is feasible to gauge electric potential solely on a single side. To overcome this limitation, the present study explored various measurement configurations and approaches, allowing tomographic imaging from only a single side of an ERT object. The present study developed analytical solutions and conducted experimental validation on cement mortar samples with simulated cracks. The "farthest measurement" method among other configurations demonstrated higher sensitivity in detecting inclusions at greater depths. Incorporating theoretical sensitivity information improved the image resolution in image reconstructions of ERT.