Energy Efficient Multi-Carrier NOMA and Power Controlled Resource Allocation for B5G/6G Networks

Unmanned aerial vehicles, sometimes known as drones, are becoming increasingly common in communications networks, drawing interest from both business and academia. Their adaptable capacities and characteristics, which may enable various communication scenarios, are mostly to blame. Drones can improve accessibility, throughput, and service quality in numerous ways. Modern communication technologies have been merged with drones to serve the enormous communication needs beyond fifth-generation (B5G) and 6G networks. Based on these foundations, this work aimed to examine the possible abilities of multi-antenna drones in an indoor cognitive radio (CR) environment for uplink transmission. Using such an integrated solution, a group of multiple-antenna drones can connect with a CR BS by taking advantage of open channels without interfering with the core user’s operations. This study presents an energy-efficient resource allocation method for multi-carrier NOMA CR-based systems to increase the system’s overall energy efficiency while meeting several CR and NOMA limitations. Additionally, it uses the adaptive power channel assignment (APCA) protocol, which tries to reduce the amount of transmit power used by each drone while still adhering to all necessary quality of service and CR requirements. The proposed NOMA–APCA protocol can choose the minimally powered channel. Comparing the proposed NOMA–APCA protocol’s performance against the traditional equal-power allocation allows us to understand better how well it performs. The suggested NOMA–APCA protocol dramatically enhances system performance, as shown by the simulation results regarding total transmit power.