A Tri-Point Correlation Method for Ocean Current Estimation and Its Applications in Near-Bottom Turbulent Mixing on the Shelf of the Northern South China Sea

We propose a tri-point correlation method to estimate ocean currents using moored temperature observation data. The transit time for two time series of temperature is determined with the cross correlation technique, enabling the formulations of an equation system to determine the current speed and angle. To validate our method, we utilize a high-resolution temperature dataset collected at the shelf bottom of the northern South China Sea and compare the inferred currents with direct measurement results with a current meter. The results demonstrate a high level of agreement between the inferred currents and the directly measured ones. Using this temperature dataset and the synchronously inferred currents, we further estimate near-bottom turbulent mixing, including diapycnal mixing and vertical heat flux. During the observation period, the mean values of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate, turbulent diffusivity, and vertical heat flux are 3.8 x 10(-8) m(2)/s(3) , 2.6 x 10(-4) m(2)/s, and 10.0 W/m(2), respectively. These inferred turbulent mixing quantities exhibit a positive correlation with the dynamics of internal waves.