Differential effects of specific emotions on spatial decision-making: evidence from cross-frequency functionally independent brain networks

Emotions significantly shape the way humans make decisions. However, the underlying neural mechanisms of this influence remain elusive. In this study, we designed an experiment to investigate how emotions (specifically happiness, fear, and sadness) impact spatial decision-making, utilizing EEG data. To address the inherent limitations of sensor-level investigations previously conducted, we employed standard low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography and functional independent component analysis to analyze the EEG data at the cortical source level. Our findings showed that across various spectral-spatial networks, positive emotion activated the decision-making network in the left middle temporal gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus, in contrast to negative emotions. We also identified the common spectral-spatial networks and observed significant differences in network strength across emotions. These insights further revealed the important role of the gamma-band prefrontal network. Our research provides a basis for deciphering the roles of brain networks in the impact of emotions on decision-making.