A Novel Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Routing Protocol (EEHRP) for IoT Networks Using K-Means Machine Learning.

In this study, we introduce a novel hierarchical routing protocol known as the “Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Routing Protocol” (noted EEHRP). The objective of EEHRP is to minimize energy consumption in WSNs with limited energy resources, specifically within the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed methodology uses K-MEANS machine learning to create clusters within each layer of the wireless network. EEHRP use these layered clusters and incorporates multi-hop communication between them. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed protocol offers several advantages, including reduce energy consumption for packet transmission, a decrease in the number of node failures, and consequently, a higher number of nodes remaining operational after communication stage comparatively to alternative methodologies such as LCHREP.