Ecological and Sustainable Implications of Phosphorous-Solubilizing Microorganisms in Soil

Phosphorus (P) is a macronutrient that plants need to grow. However, most of the soil’s phosphorus is still insoluble, making it difficult for plants to absorb. This creates a barrier to ecologically responsible farming methods and calls for innovative approaches to phosphorus solubilization. Solublizing microorganisms improve the availability of phosphorous in soil. The term “phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms” (PSMs) describes various fungi or bacteria that divide the phosphorus into more soluble forms. It shows how PSMs interact with plants and their processes to solubilize phosphorus. Soil pH, temperature, and nutrient availability are only a few parameters affecting its activity. PSMs are investigated for their potential to increase plant phosphorus absorption and use, thereby boosting agricultural yield and nutrient usage efficiency. The use of PSMs and their effects on the environment are also evaluated. By using PSMs, farmers may use less chemical phosphorus fertilizers that contribute to runoff and eutrophication in waterways. Furthermore, PSMs may improve soil structure, decrease nutrient losses, and increase nutrient cycling, all of which contribute to soil health and the long-term viability of agricultural systems. Phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms have enormous promise in environmentally responsible farming and land management. Better phosphorus availability, greater agricultural output, less pollution, and better soil health are all possible outcomes of using PSMs. However, further study is required to determine the best application strategies, formulations, and choices of PSMs for various soil and plant systems. Incorporating PSMs into agricultural operations can potentially improve environmental sustainability and resilience. This article will explore the potential of PSMs in addressing critical environmental challenges, including soil erosion, nutrient runoff, sustainable farming practices, and resource conservation. Graphical Abstract