Floor of cosmogenic neutrino fluxes above 10^17eV
arxiv(2024)
摘要
The search for neutrinos with energies greater than 10^17eV is being
actively pursued. Although normalization of the dominant neutrino flux is
highly uncertain, a floor level is guaranteed by the interactions of
extragalactic cosmic rays with Milky Way gas. We estimate that this floor level
gives an energy flux of E^2ϕ_ν≃
10^-13^+0.5_-0.5GeV cm^-2 sr^-1 s^-1 at 10^18eV, where
uncertainties arise from the modeling of the gas distribution and the
experimental determination of the mass composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic
rays on Earth. Based on a minimal model of cosmic-ray production to explain the
mass-discriminated energy spectra observed on Earth above
5×10^18 eV, we also present generic estimates of the neutrino fluxes
expected from extragalactic production that generally exceed the aforementioned
guaranteed floor. The prospects for detecting neutrinos above 10^18 eV
remain however challenging, unless proton acceleration to the highest energies
is at play in a sub-dominant population of cosmic-ray sources or new physical
phenomena are at work.
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