Association of SLC30A8 rs13266634 gene polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a population of Noakhali, Bangladesh: a case–control study

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered to be a polygenic disorder that emerges as a result of complicated gene-environment interactions. Several investigations revealed that SLC30A8 rs13266634 polymorphism elevates T2DM risk. T2DM and hypertension (HTN) are often found to be coexist. Compared to normotensive non-diabetic controls, T2DM patients with HTN have a fourfold increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The average age of T2DM diagnosis is decreasing, and ‘early onset of T2DM’ in adolescents and young adults is an emerging worldwide health concern. The objective of this study was to examine the potential correlations of SLC30A8 rs13266634 polymorphism with T2DM and T2DM-related CVD and HTN as well as ‘early onset of T2DM’ in the Noakhali region. Methods This case–control study involved 163 T2DM patients and 75 healthy controls for analysis of SLC30A8- rs13266634 polymorphism. Genotyping of this polymorphism was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) method. MedCalc and Gene Calc programs were used for statistical analysis. Results A statistically significant association of SLC30A8 rs13266634 ( P < 0.05) with T2DM was found in dominant, over dominant and allele models. But this study found no evidence of a connection between SLC30A8 -rs13266634 with CVD, HTN, or ‘early onset of T2DM’ in any models. Furthermore, T2DM patients had higher total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels than non-diabetics individuals. Conclusions This study revealed a substantial association between the variation in SLC30A8 -rs13266634 and the increased risk of developing T2DM within a sample of the Noakhali population in Bangladesh. However, no significant associations were observed between SLC30A8 -rs13266634 and T2DM-related cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension (HTN), or the early onset of T2DM within this specific population.