Effects of genome composition on phenotypic plasticity and secondary metabolites in the amphidiploid species Drosera tokaiensis and its parent species under different monochromatic lighting

Karyomorphological evaluations of the amphidiploid species Drosera tokaiensis (2n= 60) and its parent species D. rotundifolia (2n= 20) and D. spatulate (2n= 40) were followed by an investigation of mono-chromatic light responses among these three species. The biseriate glandular trichome (BGT) maintained the characteristic cell morphology of each species, regardless of the differences in monochromatic light. The plant morphologies of all three Drosera species showed that petiole and stem growths were stimulated by blue light and inhibited by red light. In contrast, inflorescences of D. spatulata formed regardless of light conditions, but not D. rotundifolia. All Drosera species showed increased fresh weights when cultured under blue light, although the dry weight was not significantly different from that under red or white light, except for that of D. rotundifolia. The results of seven phenolic compounds of the three Drosera species revealed that milicitrin and quercimelin, lacking in D. rotundifolia, and ellagic acid low-detecting in D. spatulata, were present in D. tokaiensis. The con-tents of myricitrin and quercimelin in the Drosera extracts were higher under red light than under blue light for D. spatulata and D. tokaiensis. In contrast, the content of ellagic acid in the extracts was slightly higher under red light conditions than under blue light for D. tokaiensis. However, it was higher under blue light than under red light in D. rotundifolia, and other phenolic compounds also increased under blue light.