First principles studies on the adsorption of rare base-pairs on the surface of B/N atom doped -graphyne

Rare base-pairs consists of guanine (G) paired with rare bases, such as 5-methylcytosine (5-meCyt), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmCyt), 5-carboxylcytosine (5-caCyt), and 5-formylcytosine (5-fCyt), have become the focus of epigenetic research because they can be used as markers to detect some chronic diseases and cancers. However, the correlation detection of these rare base-pairs is limited, which in turn limits the development of diagnostic tests and devices. Herein, the interaction of rare base-pairs adsorbed on pure and B/N-doped gamma-graphyne (gamma-GY) nanosheets was explored using the density functional theory. The calculated adsorption energy showed that the system of rare base-pairs on B-doped gamma-GY is more stable than that on pure gamma-GY or N-doped gamma-GY. Translocation time values indicate that rare base-pairs can be successfully distinguished as the difference in their translocation times is very large for pure and B/N-doped gamma-GY nanosheets. Meanwhile, sensing response values illustrated that pure and B-doped gamma-GY are the best for G-5-hmCyt adsorption, while the N-doped gamma-GY is the best for G-Cyt adsorption. The findings indicate that translocation times and sensing response can be used as detection indexes for pure and B/N doped gamma-GY, which will provide a new way for experimental scientists to develop the biosensor components. Translocation time values are different for each rare base-pair based on substrate. Pure and B/N substituted gamma-GY nanosheets can detect each base-pair from the translocation time. Our results are expected to provide new biosensor assemblies for experimental scientists.