A 3D BEM-Coupled Mode Model for the Performance Analysis of Wave Energy Converter Parks in Nearshore-Coastal Regions

Estimation on the production capacity of wave energy converter arrays (WECs) of the type of simple floaters deployed in nearshore locations highly depends on the evaluation of their performance. The latter also depends on various factors, including the dimensions and inertial characteristics of the devices, their relevant positioning, and the power take-off (PTO) system characteristics. Studying the system operation, based on the prevailing sea conditions in the region considered for deployment, can ensure that such WEC farms are sized and designed in an effective way. Furthermore, the wavelength and propagation direction of incoming wave fields can be significantly impacted by wave-seabed interactions in coastal areas, which can alter the WECs’ response pattern and ultimately the array’s power output. In this work, a 3D BEM hydrodynamic model is proposed aiming to assess the energy-capturing capacity of WEC arrays, accounting for the hydrodynamic interactions between various identical floating devices, as well as the local seabed topography. The model is supplemented by a Coupled Mode System (CMS) to calculate the incident wave field propagating over variable bathymetry, in order to simulate realistic nearshore environments. Finally, a case study is performed for an indicative geographical area, north of the coast of the island of Ikaria, located in the Eastern Aegean Sea region, where the wave potential is high, using long-term data. The latter study highlights the applicability of the proposed method and suggests its usage as a tool to support optimal WEC park design.