Experimental and Simulation Study of Babbitt Alloy/Steel Composite in Swing Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Welding Under Different Heat Input

In the study, the preparation process of ZChSnSb11Cu6/Q235B composite was investigated through the swing cold metal transfer (CMT) welding process. Based on the theory of heat transfer and the double-ellipsoid heat source model, the numerical simulation and welding experimental results were compared. The results show that the numerical simulation effectively reflected the evolution of the molten pool geometry and the welding thermal cycle curves of the actual welding experiments, and the simulation and experimental results were basically consistent. The scanning electron microscope results of the microstructure indicated that swing CMT welding could improve the bonding strength of the interface. With the increase of the experimental welding current, the peak temperature of the measurement points increased. While the heating rate of the temperature measurement point with different distances from the weld centerline decreased with the increase of the distance. When the experimental welding current was 85 A, both interfaces of the specimen and the Babbitt alloy layer were partially fractured. The fracture morphology at the bonding surface of the specimen was relatively flat, which indicated that the bonding effect of Babbitt alloy and steel matrix was the best when the welding current was 85 A.