Measurements of the first-flux-penetration field in surface-treated and coated Nb: Distinguishing between surface pinning and an interface energy barrier
arxiv(2024)
摘要
We report measurements of the first-flux-penetration field in surface-treated
and coated Nb samples using muon spin rotation (μSR). Using thin Ag foils
as energy moderators for the implanted muon spin-probes, we "profile" the
vortex penetration field μ_0 H_vp at sub-surface depths on the
order of ∼ 10 μm to ∼ 100 μm. In a coated
sample [Nb_3Sn(2 μm)/Nb], we find that μ_0 H_vp
is depth-independent with a value of 234.5(35) mT, consistent with Nb's
metastable superheating field and suggestive of surface energy barrier for flux
penetration. Conversely, in a surface-treated sample [Nb baked in vacuum at 120
^∘C for 48 h], vortex penetration onsets close to pure Nb's lower
critical field μ_0H_c1≈ 170 mT, but increases with
increasing implantation depth, consistent with flux-pinning localized at the
surface. The implication of these results for technical applications of
superconducting Nb, such as superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities, is
discussed.
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