The effect of systemic sclerosis and its subtypes on ocular anterior and posterior segment parameters

Purpose To evaluate anterior and posterior segment parameters in the eyes of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and examine the effect of disease and disease subtypes on these parameters. Methods This cross-sectional study included 54 eyes of 27 SSc patients and 54 eyes of 27 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. In addition to a complete ophthalmologic examination, all patients were examined using a Scheimpflug camera, specular microscopy, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Results The mean age of the patients was 52.5 ± 11.4 years and 19 patients were female. Anterior chamber volume, central corneal thickness, and central macular thickness (CMT) were significantly lower in the eyes of SSc patients compared to healthy controls ( p = 0.01, p = 0.03, and p = 0.006, respectively). When evaluated according to SSc subtype, CMT was lower in diffuse SSc patients ( p = 0.001), while mean retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and inferior quadrant RNFL values were lower in limited SSc ( p = 0.003 and p = 0.005, respectively). Conclusion In the eyes of patients with SSc, some ocular parameters may show decreases compared to healthy individuals, presumably secondary to disease-related vasculopathy and fibrosis. CMT and RNFL parameters may be affected differently according to disease subtype.