Social-ecological-resilience enablers among youth residing in the air polluted Highveld Priority Area of South Africa

Young people living in low-income settlements face numerous challenges ranging from violence to polluted environments. However, many of them find ways in which to overcome these challenges for their own growth and development. These 'ways' are known as resilience-enablers. We studied the resilience enablers of 240 adolescents living in the highly air polluted area in South Africa. Using the draw-and-write technique, this qualitative study entailed asking school-attending adolescents (n = 240; average age: 14.1) to make a drawing that illustrated what supported their resilience, before writing a short narrative to explain their drawing. Using a codebook-informed thematic analysis, we identified two dominant patterns in the data: most young people relied on themselves to cope well with their challenging environment; a minority also drew on social, institutional and environmental supports. Our findings are alarming because they imply that little is being done to co-facilitate the resilience of young people in polluted low-income settlements.