A comprehensive review on development strategies of integrated electronic control units in IoEVs for energy management

Among many parts of mobility systems in EVs that the Electrical Control Unit (ECU) supervises and manages are the VCU, ESC, EPS, and BCU. By integrating and synchronizing various subsystems, the integrated ECU facilitates effective power allocation, efficient regenerative energy capture, and maximum usage of available energy resources. The many facets of integrated ECU in EVs and its sub-branches are thoroughly examined in this review research. With an emphasis on energy management, the suggested research study provides a thorough analysis of the integrated ECU’s development plans. Additionally, our research study outlines the components that each control unit uses, emphasizing their functions and importance in facilitating safe and effective vehicle control in next-generation intelligent transportation systems. Furthermore, our research looks at the overview of integrated control unit advancements, carefully assessing the advancements in methods and effectiveness in conjunction with the analysis outcomes of EV performance metrics. Readers are provided with an understanding of the field’s history and accomplishments through a summary of these methodologies and the analytical outcomes. This makes it easier to comprehend in detail the methods applied to improve the handling, stability, and performance of EVs.