A Lightweight Energy-Efficient Routing Scheme for Real-Time WSN-VANET-Based Applications

An extensive examination reveals that Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) offer a promising solution for essential sensing and event-driven data communication needs. WSNs hold significant potential for event-driven communication, primarily owing to their decentralized and infrastructure-free operational characteristics. However, the traditional WSN’s inherent static nature imposes limitations on its applicability, particularly in scenarios requiring generic operating characteristics or routing protocols for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication. This constraint arises from the immobility of sensor nodes within the network. Nonetheless, adopting a forward-looking perspective that incorporates mobility into WSNs opens up opportunities to create a mobile-WSN solution tailored for V2V communication. In response to the challenges posed by mobile-WSNs and the pursuit of a cost-effective V2V communication solution, a Lightweight Energy-Efficient Cross-layer Routing (LRECR) scheme has been proposed for WSN-VANET-based networks. The proposed routing model aims to enhance the timely delivery of Real-Time Data (RTD) with low latency, provide optimal resources for Non-Real Time (NRT) data delivery, optimize resource allocation, minimize delay, reduce energy consumption, and lower buffer and holding costs. These comprehensive parameters empower mobile-WSNs to fulfill the requirements of a Quality of Service (QoS)-oriented and energy-efficient V2V communication system.