Classification of intracontinental (intraplate) orogeny based on tectonics and its evolution

Since last 1960’s, the plate tectonics has been played a main role for the study on the Earth’s evolution and global tectonics, but mostly focused on the global divergence and convergence, and focused on the continental margin—subduction and collision. However, the plate tectonics cannot resolve all of the tectonic evolution and reconstruction of the global evolution, like non-rigid blocks and continental lithospheric deformation; and mountain building within the continent; large scales deformation and tectonics in the continental interiors and so on. Thus, “Intracontinental Tectonics and Orogeny” has been studied.  Globally, there are lots of tectonics or deformation types have been found and the intracontinental mountain building and the orogeneses have been classified, like types of the Alice Spring in Australia, the Tianshan in Asia and the Pyrenees in Europe. They are with different orogenic frameworks including deformation, magmatism, sedimentation and metamorphism. Also, they have formed in different tectonic backgrounds, such as on the reworking orogenic belt, intracontinental rift-basin deformation, and multiple-stage orogeny between the continental blocks, and linkages to plate tectonics and non-plate tectonics in mechanism and dynamics.