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Protective Effects of Physical Activity on Episodic Memory During Aging Are Explained by Executive Functioning

European Review of Aging and Physical Activity(2024)SCI 3区SCI 4区

Université de Tours Et de Poitiers | Université de Tours

Cited 1|Views8
Abstract
Aging is marked by a memory decline related to an executive function decline. Physical activity (PA) has beneficial effects on both executive functions and memory, especially in aging. The protective effects of PA on these two cognitive abilities have always been studied separately, despite the well-established relationship between memory and executive functions. Our objective was to explore whether the benefits of PA on memory could be explained by reduced age-related changes in executive functions. Nineteen young adults (27.16 years old) and 25 older adults (69.64 years old) performed a resource-dependent memory task, three executive tasks and completed a PA questionnaire (measuring sports and leisure PA). Age group and PA effects on memory and executive performance were analyzed with generalized linear models. Mediation analyses were calculated using method of causal steps approach with a non-parametric bootstrapping procedure. The results confirmed the effects of age and PA on memory and executive performance. A significant interaction confirmed the protective effect of PA on age-related cognitive performance. PA was positively correlated with performance in both memory and executive tasks, but only in the older adults. Although each predictor alone (age, executive functions and PA) significantly explained memory performance in older adults, only the effect of PA on memory performance remained significant when all the predictors were introduced in the analyses. PA mediates the effects of age and executive functions on memory performance. This suggests that PA protects older adults against memory decline by reducing the decline in executive functioning.
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Cognitive reserve,Executive functions,Physical activity,Episodic memory
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要点】:该论文揭示了通过提高执行功能,身体活动如何对老年人的情景记忆产生保护作用,这是其对抗记忆衰退的关键机制。

方法】:研究采用广义线性模型分析年龄组和身体活动对记忆和执行功能的影响,并通过因果步骤法结合非参数自助法进行中介效应分析。

实验】:19名年轻成年人和25名老年成年人完成了资源依赖性记忆任务、三项执行任务,并填写了身体活动问卷(测量体育和休闲活动)。结果显示,身体活动与老年人在记忆和执行任务的表现呈正相关,且身体活动在老年人记忆表现中起到了中介作用。