Chiral spin state and nematic ferromagnet in the spin-1 Kitaev-Γ model
arxiv(2024)
摘要
The higher-spin Kitaev magnets, in which the Kitaev interaction and
off-diagonal exchange couplings are overwhelmingly large, have emerged as a
fertile avenue to explore exotic phases and unusual excitations. In this work,
we study the quantum phase diagram of the spin-1 Kitaev-Γ model on the
honeycomb lattice using density-matrix renormalization group. It harbours six
distinct phases and the intriguing findings are three magnetically ordered
phases in which both time-reversal symmetry and lattice symmetry albeit of
different sort are broken spontaneously. The chiral spin state originates from
the order-by-disorder effect and exhibits an almost saturated scalar spin
chirality at the quantum level. Depending on the relative strength of the two
interactions, it also features columnar or plaquette valence-bond-solid-like
pattern as a consequence of the translational symmetry breaking. In parallel,
the nematic ferromagnets are situated at ferromagnetic Kitaev side and possess
small but finite ferromagnetic ordering. The lattice-rotational symmetry
breaking enforces nonequivalent bond energy along one of the three bonds.
Although the intrinsic difference between the two nematic ferromagnets remains
elusive, the discontinuities in the von Neumann entropy, hexagonal plaquette
operator, and Wilson loop operator convincingly suggest that they are separated
via a first-order phase transition.
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