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Investigating the Dispersion Characteristics of Symmetric and Asymmetric Modes in Rails: A Theoretical and Experimental Study

Applied Acoustics(2024)

Southwest Jiaotong Univ

Cited 0|Views22
Abstract
The propagation law of ultrasonic guided waves in waveguide structures is determined by their dispersion characteristics, and the number of guided waves in symmetric and antisymmetric modes in rails is significant, so the dispersion characteristics are very complex. In order to study the dispersion characteristics of symmetric and antisymmetric modes in rails, this paper derives the wave equation based on the SAFE method with higher order elements, and the correctness of the wavestructure calculation in the SAFE model is verified using the FE method. This paper focuses on the wavestructure state at 0 kHz and the wavestructure changes during mode crossing through and repulsive deflections, and for the first time experimentally verifies the phenomenon of wave structure exchange in rails. The main conclusions are that the dispersion curves between modes with the same symmetry show repulsive deflection, and the dispersion curves between modes with opposite symmetry show crossover; the wavestructure of the rail is mainly rigid body translation and rigid body rotation at frequencies close to 0 kHz; the guided wave at the intersection of symmetric and antisymmetric modes transforms into a fading wave that cannot be continuously propagated in rails; when the dispersion curves are close, the wavestructures between the two modes are linearly superimposed, and when the dispersion curves are deflected by repulsion, the wavestructures of the two modes are exchanged.
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Key words
Wavestructure changes,Symmetric and antisymmetric modes,Repulsive deflection and crossover,Higher order elements,Dispersion characteristics
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要点】:本文通过理论推导和实验验证了铁路中对称和反对称模式的超声波导波传播特性,创新性地实验验证了模式交叉和排斥偏移现象,揭示了不同对称性模式间的相互作用。

方法】:采用基于高阶元素的SAFE方法推导波方程,并通过有限元(FE)方法验证SAFE模型中波结构计算的正确性。

实验】:研究了频率接近0kHz时铁路波结构的刚体平移和刚体旋转特性,并在实验上首次验证了铁路中波结构交换现象。结果显示,相同对称性模式的色散曲线表现为排斥偏移,而相反对称性模式的色散曲线表现为交叉;在模式交叉点,对称和反对称模式的导波会转化为不能在铁路中连续传播的衰减波;当色散曲线接近时,两种模式的波结构线性叠加,而在色散曲线由排斥偏移导致分离时,两种模式的波结构会交换。