Testing MOND on small bodies in the remote solar system
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND), which postulates a breakdown of Newton's
laws of gravity/dynamics below some critical acceleration threshold, can
explain many otherwise puzzling observational phenomena on galactic scales.
MOND competes with the hypothesis of dark matter, which successfully explains
the cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure. Here we provide the
first solar-system test of MOND that probes the sub-critical acceleration
regime. Using the Bekenstein-Milgrom AQUAL formulation, we simulate the
evolution of myriads of test particles (planetesimals or comets) born in the
trans-Neptunian region and scattered by the giant planets over the lifetime of
the Sun to heliocentric distances of 10^2-10^5 au. We include the effects
of the Galactic tidal field and passing stars. While Newtonian simulations
reproduce the distribution of binding energies of long-period and Oort-cloud
comets detectable from Earth, MOND-based simulations do not. This conclusion is
robust to plausible changes in the migration history of the planets, the
migration history of the Sun, the MOND transition function, effects of the
Sun's birth cluster, and the fading properties of long-period comets. For the
most popular version of AQUAL, characterized by a gradual transition between
the Newtonian and MOND regimes, our MOND-based simulations also fail to
reproduce the orbital distribution of trans-Neptunian objects in the detached
disk (perihelion > 38 au). Our results do not rule out some MOND theories more
elaborate than AQUAL, in which non-Newtonian effects are screened on small
spatial scales, at small masses, or in external gravitational fields comparable
in strength to the critical acceleration.
更多查看译文
AI 理解论文
溯源树
样例
生成溯源树,研究论文发展脉络
Chat Paper
正在生成论文摘要