Fast biological imaging with quantum-enhanced Raman microscopy
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy is a powerful label-free imaging
technique that probes the vibrational response of chemicals with high
specificity and sensitivity. High-power, quantum-enhanced SRS microscopes have
been recently demonstrated and applied to polymers and biological samples.
Quantum correlations, in the form of squeezed light, enable the microscopes to
operate below the shot noise limit, enhancing their performance without
increasing the illumination intensity. This addresses the signal-to-noise ratio
(SNR) and speed constraints introduced by photodamage in shot noise-limited
microscopes. Previous microscopes have either used single-beam squeezing, but
with insufficient brightness to reach the optimal ratio of pump-to-Stokes
intensity for maximum SNR, or have used twin-beam squeezing and suffered a 3 dB
noise penalty. Here we report a quantum-enhanced Raman microscope that uses a
bright squeezed single-beam, enabling operation at the optimal efficiency of
the SRS process. The increase in brightness leads to multimode effects that
degrade the squeezing level, which we partially overcome using spatial
filtering. We apply our quantum-enhanced SRS microscope to biological samples,
and demonstrate quantum-enhanced multispectral imaging of living cells. The
imaging speed of 100x100 pixels in 18 seconds allows the dynamics of cell
organelles to be resolved. The SNR achieved is compatible with video rate
imaging, with the quantum correlations yielding a 20
speed compared to shot noise limited operation.
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